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5G and its frequencies in Morocco?

January 4, 2022 Telecom

5G is a breakthrough technology compared to previous generations of mobile phones. There are 2 ways to deploy 5G radio: non-standalone mode (NSA) and standalone mode (SA). In NSA mode, 5G interacts with the 4G core. To deploy 5G in SA mode, a 5G core network is required. As we know, the speed depends on the frequency band used: If ... Read More »

5G in nine points

September 1, 2021 Telecom

1- There are 2 ways to deploy 5G radio ; non-standalone mode (NSA) and standalone mode (SA). In NSA mode, 5G interacts with the 4G core. To deploy 5G in SA mode, a 5G core network is required. According to the GSMA, the global mobile industry association, 4G will continue to deploy in parallel with 5G NSA. There will even be ... Read More »

Telecoms and frequencies used for the exploration of the planet Mars.

July 1, 2021 Telecom

1-Telecoms used around the planet Mars The distance between the Earth and the planet Mars varies over time and depends on the position of the two planets in relation to the sun. The distance which separates the Earth from Mars is the smallest when the Earth is positioned between Mars and the Sun. In this specific case, the distance is ... Read More »

Interview with astronaut Daniel Tani

July 1, 2021 Telecom

1-What are the telecommunications means used by space shuttles during the different trips, and specifically what are the frequencies used? For Apollo 11, the late Niels Armstrong told me when we met on the 24th of November, 1997 in Rabat, Morocco, that the S-Band is used between the moon and the earth (Houston), while the VHF is used between the earth ... Read More »

5G, phantasies!

March 1, 2021 Telecom

For almost a year, social networks have seized the health crisis to make it their favorite subject. This topic is starting to get boring however, especially that we have the impression that behind every Internet user hides a potential doctor who refutes what some say or approves what others say. So as not to add to the outdated debate on ... Read More »

Telecom players and efforts to meet demand without network congestion

January 3, 2021 Telecom

A telecom network, regardless of the switching technology used, is generally not designed to normally carry traffic in crisis situations. Before the advent of packet switching and particularly in the 1980s, Erlang’s mathematical law was used to size a telecom network based on circuit switching. To protect networks from attempted calls, the criterion of “BHCA” was used. This criterion, defines ... Read More »

Internet giants, the big winners from the Covid-19 crisis

January 3, 2021 Telecom

The coronavirus epidemic has affected revenues of all multinational companies, negatively or positively. During this pandemic, the internet giants (GAFAM) in particular have made themselves especially useful; their products and services have become essential in our daily lives. As a result, their turnover grew positively and they were among the biggest winners in this time of crisis. They thus saw ... Read More »

Measures taken by Moroccan telecom players to avoid network congestion

January 3, 2021 Telecom

By Youssef Diop (*). -Behavior of networks in Morocco during the lockdown period. As stated in this issue of Lte magazine, “International telecom players have been asked to step up actions to meet user needs, while avoiding network congestion”. A telecom network, regardless of the switching technology used, is generally not designed to carry traffic in crisis situations. A few ... Read More »

The telecoms industry in Morocco at the time of Covid-19:

January 3, 2021 Telecom

Article written by A. Khaouja and published by the magazine “Industrie du Maroc” in May 2020. As soon as the first cases of Covid-19 were recorded in early March 2020, Morocco anticipated its related harmful effects, and consequently toke a series of actions. Among these, we could cite the mobilization of the Moroccan industry and national actors affected by the ... Read More »

5G in ten points

January 3, 2021 Telecom

1-5G: a breakthrough technology: With 5G, a real technological breakthrough was born. The 3G and then 4G generations of mobile telephony are part of technological continuity. Each new generation was an evolution of the previous one. 2-5G will offer an increased throughput and very low latency, close to optical fiber. Speeds equivalent to the optical fiber, around at least 100 ... Read More »

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As we enter the new year of 2022, the whole team of LTE Magazine wishes you health and happiness and to wish you joyous personal and collective achievements. May that new year be a year of freedom of travel and exchange; in particular, may that year be a year of exchange of ideas that allows people to flourish and states to manage their financial and fiscal needs.

This 40th issue will be focused on taxation in the digital age, a theme that was presented at the 6th Arab Forum on Internet Governance (AIGF) held in Beirut, Lebanon from December 14 to 23, 2021. The telecom operators are fighting the giants of the Internet with taxation so as to be paid for all the services and infrastructure that these giants benefit from. As a quick aside, let's clarify a few things, starting with taxation, which is the set of laws and rules governing the determination and collection of taxes.

In other words, it represents all the measures taken by the public authorities to collect various levies necessary for the financial needs of the financial needs of the state. A tax is a compulsory payment collected for the benefit of the State as a result of a public service, such as the tax on public utilities. A fee is a regular or periodic payment made in exchange for a contractually agreed benefit.

The frequency usage fees paid by the companies to the entities responsible for spectrum management, for example.Withholding tax is a tax applied to companies not domiciled in a given country. In general, the latter are exempt if there are non-taxation agreements between the country and the home country of the company to be taxed. For example, the withholding tax is applied to the pricing between telecom operators, including international roaming. To promote global tax standards, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) operates in a multilateral framework. The OECD, therefore, has recently reached an agreement, in 2021, which provides for a minimum corporate tax of 15%. This tax is applied directly on the profits of companies based in a given country. As for the digital taxation of digital giants, it consists of establishing a new legal standard due to the digital presence of a company. This new legislation will allow a company to be taxed even if it has no physical presence in a given country. And the debate continues within the OECD bodies without a definitive and clear-cut position. However, this position, which is slow in coming, is eagerly awaited by all countries because they are all concerned and crossed by the digital world. And while waiting, some countries, like France, have already taken action. For example, the French government has amended its tax code through the law of 24/7/2019 creating a tax on digital services. For the year 2020, this tax has brought in 375 million euros for the French finances. Unlike the traditional corporate tax, the tax on digital giants is declarative and it is not applied on profits but on turnover. Finally, and still related to this month's issue, we specify that the French tax on digital giants will only be applicable on a temporary basis and will be abolished as soon as the OECD puts in place an international tax policy for digital.

The following articles are offered to explore the parts of this file:

- The economic impact of digital giants by Ahmed Khaouja

- Understanding the taxation of digital giants by M.Y. Diop

- The taxation of commercial transactions on the Internet by M. Sbihi, researcher in management and an interview with René Serres on taxation in the digital age.